Depression Symptoms and Olfactory-related Quality of Life.
Laryngoscope
; 132(9): 1829-1834, 2022 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35353380
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD) frequently report symptoms of depression. The objective of this study was to determine how clinical characteristics and olfactory-related quality of life (QoL) measures associate with the likelihood for major depressive disorders (MDDs).METHODS:
A total of 192 OD patients were included. Olfactory function was measured using all three subtests of the Sniffn' Sticks test. Olfactory-related quality of life (QoL) was evaluated using the Questionnaires of Olfactory Dysfunction (QOD)-negative (NS) and -positive statement (PS). The likelihood for MDD was assessed using the Patients Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Demographics and disease-specific variables (etiology and duration of OD) were collected. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to associate disease-specific variables and the QOD with the outcome of the PHQ-2. Additionally, the predictive ability of the QOD-NS to predict depressive symptoms was calculated.RESULTS:
In univariate analysis, COVID-19 related smell loss, the QOD-NS, and the QOD-PS were significantly associated with the PHQ-2. In multivariable analyses adjusting for QoL measures, the QOD-NS (ß = 0.532, p < 0.001) and sinonasal OD (compared with postinfectious OD) were significantly associated with the PHQ-2 (ß = 0.146, p = 0.047). When omitting QoL measures from multivariable analyses, only COVID-19 related OD (compared with postinfectious OD) was significantly associated with the PHQ-2 (ß = 0.287, p = 0.009). A QOD-NS score > 20.5 had 70.13% sensitivity and 76.32% specificity for detecting symptoms of depression.CONCLUSION:
Our results suggest that COVID-19 related OD might be associated with a higher likelihood for MDD. Furthermore, we showed that the QOD-NS score might be helpful to predict symptoms of depression in OD patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 1321829-1834, 2022.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Depressive Disorder, Major
/
COVID-19
/
Olfaction Disorders
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Aspects:
Patient_preference
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Laryngoscope
Journal subject:
OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: