Whole-genome resequencing of the wheat A subgenome progenitor Triticum urartu provides insights into its demographic history and geographic adaptation.
Plant Commun
; 3(5): 100345, 2022 09 12.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35655430
ABSTRACT
Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the A subgenome in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. Uncovering the landscape of genetic variations in T. urartu will help us understand the evolutionary and polyploid characteristics of wheat. Here, we investigated the population genomics of T. urartu by genome-wide sequencing of 59 representative accessions collected around the world. A total of 42.2 million high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 million insertions and deletions were obtained by mapping reads to the reference genome. The ancient T. urartu population experienced a significant reduction in effective population size (Ne) from â¼3 000 000 to â¼140 000 and subsequently split into eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations during the Younger Dryas period. A map of allelic drift paths displayed splits and mixtures between different geographic groups, and a strong genetic drift towards hexaploid wheat was also observed, indicating that the direct donor of the A subgenome originated from northwestern Syria. Genetic changes were revealed between the eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations in genes orthologous to those regulating plant development and stress responses. A genome-wide association study identified two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the exonic regions of the SEMI-DWARF 37 ortholog that corresponded to the different T. urartu ecotype groups. Our study provides novel insights into the origin and genetic legacy of the A subgenome in polyploid wheat and contributes a gene repertoire for genomics-enabled improvements in wheat breeding.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Triticum
/
Genome, Plant
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Language:
En
Journal:
Plant Commun
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article