Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence and the rates of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus after the introduction of infant vaccination programs in South East Asia and Western Pacific regions: a systematic review.
Int J Infect Dis
; 124: 65-75, 2022 Nov.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36089151
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Infant vaccination against the hepatitis B virus began in the World Health Organization South East Asia Region and the Western Pacific Region between 1983 and 2016. This systematic review examined the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children and the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in these regions between 1990 and 2020.METHODS:
MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for articles published between January 1990 and September 2020, which reported seroprevalence of HBsAg in children aged 0-15 years and/or the rate of MTCT in the South East Asia Region and Western Pacific Region. A pragmatic review identified supporting information. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (#CRD42020211707).RESULTS:
Of 115 included studies, 77 (24 countries) reported HBsAg prevalence, and 38 (nine countries) reported MTCT. The seroprevalence of HBsAg ranged between 0.0% and 27.4%, with a decreasing trend over time in each country. MTCT rates were 0.0-5.2% in infants of mothers who are hepatitis B e antigen-negative and 2.7-53.0% in infants of mothers who are hepatitis B e antigen-positive.CONCLUSION:
After the introduction of infant hepatitis B virus vaccination programs, the countries in South East Asia Region and Western Pacific Region observed a reduction in HBsAg seroprevalence in children. Nevertheless, the risk of MTCT persists, emphasizing the importance of antenatal screening to identify high-risk pregnancies.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Hepatitis B
/
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Type of study:
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Int J Infect Dis
Journal subject:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article