Perceived discrimination in middle-aged and older adults: Comparison between England and the United States.
Front Public Health
; 10: 975776, 2022.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36438296
ABSTRACT
Objectives:
This study examined differences in perceived discrimination across multiple characteristics in England and the United States (US), in middle- and older-aged adults.Methods:
Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 8,671) and the US-based Health and Retirement Study (N = 7,927), we assessed cross-national differences in perceived discrimination attributed to disability, financial status, sex, race, sexual orientation, and weight. We also compared how perceived discrimination varied with socioeconomic position (SEP) based on wealth.Results:
Perceived discrimination due to financial status was more common in England (6.65%) than in the US (2.14%) adjusting for age, sex, and wealth [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95% CI (1.07; 1.10)]. This affected people of low but not high SEP. Sexual orientation discrimination was more common in England [0.72 vs. 0.15%, OR = 4.61, 95% CI (2.48; 8.57)]. Sex-based perceived discrimination was more prevalent in the US (12.42%) than England (9.07%) adjusting for age and wealth [OR = 0.87, 95% CI (0.86; 0.89)]. Cross-national differences in sex discrimination did not vary with SEP. Racism was the most common type of perceived discrimination reported in both samples (England 17.84%, US 19.80%), with no significant cross-national differences after adjustment for sex.Discussion:
Perceived discrimination attributed to financial status and sexual orientation were more prevalent in England, while more women perceived sex discrimination in the US. This study suggests that country-specific and socioeconomic factors affect the prevalence of perceived discrimination. This may be relevant when targeting interventions aimed at reducing perceived discrimination.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Disabled Persons
/
Perceived Discrimination
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspects:
Equity_inequality
Limits:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Country/Region as subject:
America do norte
Language:
En
Journal:
Front Public Health
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: