Rare manifestations of refractory extrapulmonary sarcoidosis.
BMJ Case Rep
; 16(4)2023 Apr 12.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37045548
ABSTRACT
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease, characterised by histopathologic presence of non-necrotising granulomas, primarily affecting the lungs (>90%). We present three cases predominantly characterised by uncommon extrapulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis, where only one had pulmonary involvement. We describe three female patients, between the second and third decades of life, whose sarcoidosis was a diagnostic challenge due to their atypical extrapulmonary manifestations, from which we highlight livedo reticularis and painful subcutaneous nodules with uncommon localisation, size and histology, being the first reported case of extensive subcutaneous nodules triggered by intramuscular penicillin; extensive symptomatic and refractory osseous involvement; and dispersed erythema nodosum affecting the entire body surface. All three patients required third-line treatment (antitumour necrosis factor agents) to achieve significant clinical and imagiological improvement. Through this case series, we highlight the importance of considering the rare and atypical presentations of sarcoidosis to avoid diagnostic delays and serious repercussions on the patient's prognosis.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Sarcoidosis
/
Erythema Nodosum
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
BMJ Case Rep
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: