Association of allergies in children younger than 3 years with levels of maternal intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or fish during pregnancy: A nationwide birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study.
Allergol Int
; 73(2): 282-289, 2024 Apr.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38218702
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties and are expected to prevent the onset of allergies. However, epidemiological studies investigating the relationship between child allergies and maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs or fish have yielded inconsistent results.METHODS:
Following exclusions from a dataset comprising 103,057 records from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, 72,105 participants were divided into five groups according to mothers' intake of n-3 PUFAs or fish during pregnancy to assess the risk of their children being diagnosed with allergy by 3 years old. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for child allergies were calculated using multivariable logistic regression analyses with reference to the lowest intake group.RESULTS:
Levels of maternal intake of n-3 PUFAs or fish showed inverted associations (i.e., reduced risk) with the incidence of physician-diagnosed allergic rhinoconjunctivitis or parent-reported symptoms of current rhinitis with eye symptoms at different time points and the cumulative incidence from birth to 3 years of age. Inverted associations were also found for current wheeze at 1-<2 years of age and current eczema at 1-<2 and 0-<3 years of age. However, for food allergies, no significant associations were observed in the incidence in each group compared with the lowest intake group at any age.CONCLUSIONS:
The findings suggest that n-3 PUFA intake during pregnancy may reduce the risk of developing allergic diseases and symptoms in children. In addition, consumption of n-3 PUFAs or fish is very unlikely to increase the risk of allergy given that the results are from a country with high fish consumption. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN000030786 https//rctportal.niph.go.jp/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000030786.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
/
Eczema
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Food Hypersensitivity
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Animals
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Child
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Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Allergol Int
Journal subject:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: