Isolation and Phenotypic Characterization of Tumor-Infiltrating NK Cells in Skin Carcinoma.

ABSTRACT

In oncological research, the function of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells in skin carcinoma presents a viable avenue for novel therapeutic methods. NK cells are essential to the body's defense against malignancies, including skin cancer, and are especially important in more sophisticated cancer immunotherapies such as vaccinations containing dendritic cells. The deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, still has a poor prognosis even with advancements in early-stage therapies, which emphasizes the need for novel therapeutic strategies. NK cells from human melanoma metastases were subjected to single-cell RNA-seq analysis, which demonstrated notable variations in the transcriptional programs of tumor-infiltrating and circulating NK cells. Different transcriptional states are displayed by NK cells that have invaded tumors, indicating that they are functionally specialized in areas like chemokine production and cytotoxicity. These results emphasize the functions of NK cells in recruiting other significant immune cell types, such as cross-presenting dendritic cells, and in direct cytotoxicity against malignant cells. Investigating NK cells that infiltrate tumors in skin carcinomas presents a viable approach to comprehending and may be modifying the immune environment surrounding these cancers. It is essential to comprehend the distinct characteristics and roles of NK cells inside the tumor microenvironment in order to create more potent immunotherapeutic approaches to treat skin cancer. In order to perhaps open the door for new directions in cancer immunotherapy, the project intends to establish a thorough technique for the isolation and thorough phenotypic characterization of tumor-infiltrating NK cells in skin carcinoma.