Rate and characteristics of inflammatory neuropathies associated with brentuximab vedotin therapy.
Eur J Neurol
; 31(7): e16285, 2024 Jul.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38511878
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Peripheral neuropathy is a frequent complication of brentuximab vedotin (BV), used in CD30+ lymphoma treatment. Classic BV-induced neuropathy (BV-CN) is a mild distal sensory axonal polyneuropathy. Severe BV-induced inflammatory neuropathies (BV-IN) have been described. BV-IN contribute to lymphoma-associated morbidity but might be immunotherapy-responsive. Our primary objective was to evaluate the rate of BV-IN. Our secondary objectives were to determine risk factors and warning signs.METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study on all patients treated with BV at our center between April 2014 and September 2021. Clinical, biological, and electrophysiological data were collected. BV-induced neuropathy was defined as the occurrence of neuropathy up to 3 months after BV discontinuation. BV-IN was defined with criteria adapted from European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society 2021 electrodiagnostic criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Other neuropathies were classified as BV-CN.RESULTS:
Among 83 patients, 41 (49%) developed neuropathy 35 BV-CN and 6 BV-IN. Thus, the rate of BV-IN was 7.2%. Compared to patients with BV-CN, no predisposing factor was identified. However, patients with BV-IN more frequently presented muscle weakness (67% vs. 5.7%, p < 0.05), gait disorders (83% vs. 20%, p < 0.05), or acute or subacute onset (67% vs. 14%, p < 0.05). BV-IN was frequently more severe (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥3; 50% vs. 0%, p < 0.05). Four patients were treated with immunotherapy.CONCLUSIONS:
Brentuximab vedotin-induced neuropathy is an overlooked complication. Based on four easily identifiable "red flags", we provide an algorithm to help non-neurologist physicians that care for BV-treated patients to detect BV-IN. The aim of the algorithm is to decrease the diagnostic and management delay of this disabling neuropathy.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
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Brentuximab Vedotin
Limits:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Eur J Neurol
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Eur. j. neurol
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European journal of neurology
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Country of publication: