The relationship between proportions of carbohydrate and fat intake and hyperglycaemia risk in Chinese adults.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To address the relationship between the proportions of carbohydrates and fat and hyperglycaemia in the Chinese population. DESIGN: A cross-section research involving data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009, and nutritional status and health indicators were mainly focused. SETTING: China. PARTICIPANTS: 8197 Chinese individuals aged over 16 years, including 1345 subjects who had a low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet, 3951 individuals who had a medium proportion of carbohydrate and fat diet, 2660 participants who had a high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet and 241 people who had a very-high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet. RESULTS: Subjects with the high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet were significantly associated with an increased risk of hyperglycaemia (OR 1·142; 95 % CI 1·022, 1·276) when compared with the individuals with the medium proportion of carbohydrate and fat diet. Meanwhile, people with a very-high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet had a higher risk of hyperglycaemia (OR 1·829; 95 % CI 1·377, 2·429). In contrast, the association between participants with a low-carbohydrate and high-fat diet and hyperglycaemia was NS (OR 1·082; 95 % CI 0·942, 1·243) with adjusting a series of confounding factors. Furthermore, people with a very-high-carbohydrate and low-fat diet were significantly associated with a higher risk of hyperglycaemia in the major energy levels and social characteristics subgroup. CONCLUSIONS: We found the high-carbohydrate and low-fat and very-high-carbohydrate and low-fat diets were significantly associated with a high risk of hyperglycaemia. And, the association between low-carbohydrate and high-fat diets and the risk of hyperglycaemia was NS.