Age and sex differences in the effects of short- and long-term exposure to air pollution on endothelial dysfunction.
Environ Health
; 23(1): 63, 2024 Jul 08.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38978038
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The effects of air pollution on endothelial function remain unclear across populations. We aimed to use brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) to identify demographic differences in the effects of air pollution exposure on endothelial dysfunction.METHODS:
We measured FMD in 850 participants from October 2016 to January 2020. Location-specific concentrations of fine particulate matter < 2.5 µm aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter < 10 µm aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) measured by fixed ambient air monitoring stations were collected for short- and long-term exposure assessment. Multiple linear regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to assess the associations before and after stratification by age and sex.RESULTS:
This study eventually included 828 participants [551 (66.5%) younger than 65 years and 553 (66.8%) men]. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in 7-day exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly linearly associated with a 0.07% (ß = -0.07, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.004) and 0.05% (ß = -0.05, 95% CI -0.10 to -0.004) decrease in FMD in the fully adjusted model. After full adjustment, long-term exposure to all air pollutants was significantly associated with impaired FMD. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in long-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was significantly associated with a -0.18% (95% CI -0.34 to -0.03) and - 0.23% (95% CI -0.40 to -0.06) change in FMD, respectively. After stratification, the associations of lower FMD with long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO significantly persisted in men and participants younger than 65 years instead of women or older participants. For short-term exposure, we observed differences consistent with long-term exposure and a stronger effect of 7-day exposure to SO2 in men due to a significant interaction effect.CONCLUSION:
Short- and long-term exposure to different air pollutants are strongly associated with decreased endothelial function, and susceptibility to air pollution varies significantly with age and sex.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Endothelium, Vascular
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Air Pollutants
/
Air Pollution
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Environmental Exposure
/
Particulate Matter
Limits:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Health
Journal subject:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country: