Efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
J Peripher Nerv Syst
; 29(3): 339-349, 2024 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38987228
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS:
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute, self-limited, immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy. Current treatments for GBS include intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange, which may not sufficiently benefit severely affected patients. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of eculizumab add-on therapy to IVIg (standard-of-care treatment) in patients with severe GBS.METHODS:
This phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04752566), enrolled Japanese adults (age ≥ 18 years) with severe GBS (Hughes functional grade [FG] score FG3 or FG4/FG5 within 2 weeks of onset of GBS). Participants were randomized 21 to receive intravenous infusion of eculizumab or placebo (once weekly for 4 weeks) with IVIg treatment with 20 weeks of follow-up. Primary efficacy endpoint was the time to first reach FG score ≤1 (able to run). Key secondary endpoints were proportion of participants achieving FG ≤1 at weeks 8 and 24 and FG improvement ≥3 at week 24. Pharmacodynamic analysis of serum free C5 concentration over time was performed. Safety was evaluated.RESULTS:
The analysis included 57 participants (eculizumab, n = 37; placebo, n = 20). Primary endpoint was not achieved (hazard ratio, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.45-1.97; p = .89). Key secondary endpoints did not reach statistical significance. Serum C5 concentration was reduced by 99.99% at 1 h postdose and sustained to week 5 but returned to baseline at the end of follow-up period. No new safety signals for eculizumab were identified.INTERPRETATION:
Although well tolerated, eculizumab treatment did not show significant effects on motor function recovery compared to placebo in patients with GBS.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
/
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Limits:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
J Peripher Nerv Syst
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Country of publication: