Application of Leventhal's self-regulation model to Chinese immigrants with type 2 diabetes.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: To demonstrate the application of Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model with a group of Chinese immigrants with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN AND METHODS: Using qualitative methods and a convenience sample of 30 Chinese immigrants, interviews were analyzed by categorizing data according to the components of the Leventhal model. Participants were recruited from a U.S. West Coast Chinatown health center and were interviewed to identify beliefs about health and illness that are shaped by cultural factors. FINDINGS: Application of the self-regulation model indicated that participants were unclear about the etiology and chronicity of diabetes and interpreted the illness as stigmatizing. Coping strategies included wishful thinking, belief in powerful others, keeping diabetes a secret, and avoiding social situations. Participants lacked the ability to appraise the effects of their coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS: Health care providers can help people with type 2 diabetes develop critical-thinking strategies instead of relying on sets of rules to gain control of blood glucose levels. The self-regulation model was useful in profiling a vulnerable group whose diabetes management, social environment, and self-image could be improved through thoughtful patient education strategies.