Timing of the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in Ethiopia based on early virus strains and subsequent virus diversification.
AIDS
; 15(12): 1555-61, 2001 Aug 17.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-11504988
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To trace the introduction of HIV-1 subtype C into Ethiopia based on virus diversification during the epidemic.DESIGN:
A set of 474 serum samples obtained in Ethiopia in 1982-1985 was tested for HIV-1. HIV-1 env gp120 V3 and gag or pol regions were sequenced and analysed together with sequences from later stages of the epidemic.RESULTS:
None of 98 samples from 1982-1983, one of 193 samples from 1984, and one of 183 samples from 1985 were HIV-1 positive. Phylogenetic analysis of virus sequences from positive samples revealed that they belong to the Ethiopian C, and not the C', cluster. Analysis of 81 Ethiopian C V3 sequences from 1984-1997 revealed that the consensus sequence of the Ethiopian epidemic has been stable over time. Both the 1984 and 1985 V3 sequences, in contrast with three out of 27 (11%) of the 1988 and none out of 51 of the 1992-1997 sequences, had no synonymous substitutions compared to the reconstructed common ancestor of the Ethiopian C viruses. A highly significant correlation between sampling years of the V3 sequences and their synonymous distances to the common ancestor was demonstrated.CONCLUSIONS:
The increasing genetic heterogeneity together with stable consensus sequence of the Ethiopian HIV-1 C population demonstrates that evolution of the virus population is characterized by an unbiased expansion around a stationary consensus. Based on the rate of synonymous diversification of HIV-1 strains within the Ethiopian population, we were able to estimate 1983 (95% confidence interval, 1980-1984) as the year of HIV-1 C introduction into Ethiopia.
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Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Genetic Variation
/
HIV Infections
/
Disease Outbreaks
/
HIV-1
/
Evolution, Molecular
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Pregnancy
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
AIDS
Journal subject:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Year:
2001
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Etiopia