Immunity and immune response, pathology and pathologic changes: progress and challenges in the immunopathology of yellow fever.
Rev Med Virol
; 23(5): 305-18, 2013 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23873723
Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic fever, which affects people living in Africa and South America and is caused by the yellow fever virus, the prototype species in the Flavivirus genus (Flaviviridae family). Yellow fever virus infection can produce a wide spectrum of symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic infection or oligosymptomatic illness to severe disease with a high fatality rate. In this review, we focus in the mechanisms associated with the physiopathology of yellow fever in humans and animal models. It has been demonstrated that several factors play a role in the pathological outcome of the severe form of the disease including direct viral cytopathic effect, necrosis and apoptosis of hepatocyte cells in the midzone, and a minimal inflammatory response as well as low-flow hypoxia and cytokine overproduction. New information has filled several gaps in the understanding of yellow fever pathogenesis and helped comprehend the course of illness. Finally, we discuss prospects for an immune therapy in the light of new immunologic, viral, and pathologic tools.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Yellow Fever
/
Yellow fever virus
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
/
America do sul
Language:
En
Journal:
Rev Med Virol
Journal subject:
VIROLOGIA
Year:
2013
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brasil
Country of publication:
Reino Unido