Differentiation of tumour-promoting stromal myofibroblasts by cancer exosomes.
Oncogene
; 34(3): 290-302, 2015 Jan 15.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24441045
ABSTRACT
Activation of myofibroblast rich stroma is a rate-limiting step essential for cancer progression. The responsible factors are not fully understood, but TGFß1 is probably critical. A proportion of TGFß1 is associated with extracellular nano-vesicles termed exosomes, secreted by carcinoma cells, and the relative importance of soluble and vesicular TGFß in stromal activation is presented. Prostate cancer exosomes triggered TGFß1-dependent fibroblast differentiation, to a distinctive myofibroblast phenotype resembling stromal cells isolated from cancerous prostate tissue; supporting angiogenesis in vitro and accelerating tumour growth in vivo. Myofibroblasts generated using soluble TGFß1 were not pro-angiogenic or tumour-promoting. Cleaving heparan sulphate side chains from the exosome surface had no impact on TGFß levels yet attenuated SMAD-dependent signalling and myofibroblastic differentiation. Eliminating exosomes from the cancer cell secretome, targeting Rab27a, abolished differentiation and lead to failure in stroma-assisted tumour growth in vivo. Exosomal TGFß1 is therefore required for the formation of tumour-promoting stroma.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Prostatic Neoplasms
/
Cell Differentiation
/
Stromal Cells
/
Exosomes
/
Myofibroblasts
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Oncogene
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
NEOPLASIAS
Year:
2015
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Reino Unido
Country of publication:
ENGLAND
/
ESCOCIA
/
GB
/
GREAT BRITAIN
/
INGLATERRA
/
REINO UNIDO
/
SCOTLAND
/
UK
/
UNITED KINGDOM