Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factors in Hubei province of mid-China, 1990-2015: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.

OBJECTIVES: The trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality and prevalence from 1990 to 2015 in Hubei province of mid-China remain unknown. We used findings from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015 study to estimate the COPD burden and attributable to risk factors in Hubei province of China from 1990 to 2015. STUDY DESIGN: The GBD study uses various analytical tools and a diverse set of data sources to generate comparable estimates of deaths and mortality rates broken down by age, sex, cause, year, and geography. METHODS: Data were extracted from the GBD 2015 study. Statistical models were used to produce comprehensive results of COPD deaths, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, years lived with a disability, and attributable to risk factors in Hubei. The median of the percent change and 95% uncertainty intervals were determined for the period between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS: In 2015, there were 37,144 deaths from COPD in Hubei, accounting for 10.05% of the total deaths in Hubei. The age-standardized COPD death rate was reduced by 60.28% from 188.67 per 100,000 (in 1990) to 74.94 per 100,000 (in 2015). The age-standardized prevalence decreased from 4.30% (1990) to 2.85% (2015). By 2015, the leading risk factors for all ages COPD DALYs were smoking and ambient particulate matter pollution, accounting for 44.69% and 32.91%, respectively. The proportion of ambient ozone pollution was increasing steadily each year since 1990. CONCLUSION: Hubei has made substantial progress in reducing the mortality due to COPD since 1990, but the absolute number of COPD cases is increasing steadily, given the population growth and aging. The increasing contribution from smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, and ambient ozone pollution should require growing attention.