Oral features of systemic sclerosis: A case-control study.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the orofacial parameters of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and its related systemic features. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A descriptive case-control study was performed from November 2015 to October 2016. Ninety-three individuals were included and divided into SSc group (n = 50) and healthy controls (C, n = 43). RESULTS: Systemic sclerosis individuals were mostly women (43/50, 86%), with a mean age of 46 years (±11.6 years). Telangiectasia (42/50, 84%) and reduced mouth opening (35/50, 70%) were the most frequent orofacial findings. The periodontitis frequency was much higher in SSc individuals than in healthy controls (90.7% × 48.83%; p < .001). In addition, SSc individuals presented a distinctive pattern of periodontitis, with low probing pocket depth (2 ± 0.65 mm × 2 ± 0.24; p < .001), higher gingival recession (4 ± 2.13 × 0.14 ± 0,22; p < .001), higher periodontal attachment loss (6 ± 1.34 mm × 2 ± 0.43, p < .001), and lower gingival bleeding index values (7.05 ± 7.25 × 21.57 ± 15.66; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Orofacial manifestations were common in SSc and included a unique pattern of periodontal manifestation, characterized by lower gingival bleeding index, higher periodontal attachment loss, and low probing depth.