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Longitudinal analysis of the effect of water hardness on atopic eczema: evidence for gene-environment interaction.
Jabbar-Lopez, Z K; Craven, J; Logan, K; Greenblatt, D; Marrs, T; Radulovic, S; McLean, W H I; Lack, G; Strachan, D P; Perkin, M R; Peacock, J L; Flohr, C.
Affiliation
  • Jabbar-Lopez ZK; Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K.
  • Craven J; Paediatric Allergy Department, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • Logan K; Paediatric Allergy Department, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • Greenblatt D; Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K.
  • Marrs T; Paediatric Allergy Department, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • Radulovic S; Paediatric Allergy Department, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • McLean WHI; Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K.
  • Lack G; Paediatric Allergy Department, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • Strachan DP; Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, U.K.
  • Perkin MR; Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, U.K.
  • Peacock JL; School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences Research, King's College London, London, U.K.
  • Flohr C; Unit for Population-Based Dermatology Research, St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K.
Br J Dermatol ; 183(2): 285-293, 2020 08.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31599965
BACKGROUND: Several studies have identified an association between water hardness and atopic eczema (AE); however, there is a paucity of longitudinal data in early life. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether water hardness is associated with an increased risk of AE and skin barrier dysfunction in infants and to assess effect modification by filaggrin (FLG) loss-of-function variants. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal analysis of data from infants in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, who were enrolled at 3 months and followed up until 36 months of age. RESULTS: Of 1303 infants enrolled in the EAT study, 91·3% (n = 1189) attended the final clinic visit and 94·0% (n = 1225) of participants' families completed the 36-month questionnaire. In total, 761 (58·4%) developed AE by 36 months. There was no overall association between exposure to harder (> 257 mg L-1 CaCO3 ) vs. softer (≤ 257 mg L-1 CaCO3 ) water: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1·07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·92-1·24. However, there was an increased incidence of AE in infants with FLG mutations exposed to hard water (adjusted HR 2·72, 95% CI 2·03-3·66), and statistically significant interactions between hard water plus FLG and both risk of AE (HR 1·80, 95% CI 1·17-2·78) and transepidermal water loss (0·0081 g m-2 h-1 per mg L-1 CaCO3 , 95% CI 0·00028-0·016). CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence of an interaction between water hardness and FLG mutations in the development of infantile AE.
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Dermatitis, Atopic / Eczema Type of study: Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans / Infant Language: En Journal: Br J Dermatol Year: 2020 Document type: Article Country of publication: Reino Unido

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Dermatitis, Atopic / Eczema Type of study: Risk_factors_studies Limits: Humans / Infant Language: En Journal: Br J Dermatol Year: 2020 Document type: Article Country of publication: Reino Unido