Association Between Patients' Self-Reported Gaps in Care Coordination and Preventable Adverse Outcomes: a Cross-Sectional Survey.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Whether patients' reports of gaps in care coordination reflect clinically significant problems is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine any association between patient-reported gaps in care coordination and patient-reported preventable adverse outcomes. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: We administered a cross-sectional survey on experiences with healthcare to participants in the national Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study who were ≥ 65 years old. Of the 15,817 participants in REGARDS at the time of our survey (August 2017-November 2018), 11,138 completed the survey. We restricted the sample to participants who reported ≥ 2 ambulatory visits and ≥ 2 ambulatory providers in the past year (N = 7568). MAIN MEASURES: We considered 7 gaps in ambulatory care coordination, elicited with previously validated questions. We considered 4 outcomes: (1) a test that was repeated because the doctor did not have the result of the first test, (2) a drug-drug interaction that occurred due to multiple prescribers, (3) an emergency department visit that could have been prevented by better communication among providers, and (4) a hospital admission that could have been prevented by better communication among providers. We used logistic regression to determine the association between ≥ 1 gap in care coordination and ≥ 1 preventable outcome, adjusting for potential confounders. KEY RESULTS: The average age of the sample was 77.0 years; 55% were female, and 34% were African-American. More than one-third of participants (38.1%) reported ≥ 1 gap in care coordination and nearly one-tenth (9.8%) reported ≥ 1 preventable outcome. Having ≥ 1 gap in care coordination was associated with an increased odds of ≥ 1 preventable outcome (adjusted odds ratio 1.55; 95% confidence interval 1.33, 1.81). CONCLUSIONS: Participants' reports of gaps in care coordination were associated with an increased odds of preventable adverse outcomes. Future interventions should leverage patients' observations to detect and resolve gaps in care coordination.