Dynamic Natural Killer Cell and T Cell Responses to Influenza Infection.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
; 10: 425, 2020.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32974217
ABSTRACT
Influenza viruses have perplexed scientists for over a hundred years. Yearly vaccines limit their spread, but they do not prevent all infections. Therapeutic treatments for those experiencing severe infection are limited; further advances are held back by insufficient understanding of the fundamental immune mechanisms responsible for immunopathology. NK cells and T cells are essential in host responses to influenza infection. They produce immunomodulatory cytokines and mediate the cytotoxic response to infection. An imbalance in NK and T cell responses can lead to two outcomes:
excessive inflammation and tissue damage or insufficient anti-viral functions and uncontrolled infection. The main cause of death in influenza patients is the former, mediated by hyperinflammatory responses termed "cytokine storm." NK cells and T cells contribute to cytokine storm, but they are also required for viral clearance. Many studies have attempted to distinguish protective and pathogenic components of the NK cell and T cell influenza response, but it has become clear that they are dynamic and integrated processes. This review will analyze how NK cell and T cell effector functions during influenza infection affect the host response and correlate with morbidity and mortality outcomes.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Orthomyxoviridae
/
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
/
Influenza, Human
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
Year:
2020
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Estados Unidos