AD, Alzheimer's disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AMPA, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid; ANT, adenine nucleotide transporter; Am, molar activities; BBB, blood‒brain barrier; BMSC, bone marrow stromal cells; BP, binding potential; BPND, non-displaceable binding potential; BcTSPO, Bacillus cereus TSPO; CBD, corticobasal degeneration; CNS disorders; CNS, central nervous system; CRAC, cholesterol recognition amino acid consensus sequence; DLB, Lewy body dementias; EP, epilepsy; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; HAB, high-affinity binding; HD, Huntington's disease; HSE, herpes simplex encephalitis; IMM, inner mitochondrial membrane; KA, kainic acid; LAB, low-affinity binding; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MAB, mixed-affinity binding; MAO-B, monoamine oxidase B; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MDD, major depressive disorder; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MS, multiple sclerosis; MSA, multiple system atrophy; Microglial activation; NAA/Cr, N-acetylaspartate/creatine; Neuroinflammation; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane; P2X7R, purinergic receptor P2X7; PAP7, RIa-associated protein; PBR, peripheral benzodiazepine receptor; PCA, posterior cortical atrophy; PD, Parkinson's disease; PDD, PD dementia; PET, positron emission tomography; PKA, protein kinase A; PRAX-1, PBR-associated protein 1; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; Positron emission tomography (PET); PpIX, protoporphyrin IX; QA, quinolinic acid; RCYs, radiochemical yields; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RRMS, relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis; SA, specific activity; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; SAR, structure­activity relationship; SCIDY, spirocyclic iodonium ylide; SNL, selective neuronal loss; SNR, signal to noise ratio; SUV, standard uptake volume; SUVR, standard uptake volume ratio; TBAH, tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide; TBI, traumatic brain injury; TLE, temporal lobe epilepsy; TSPO; TSPO, translocator protein; VDAC, voltage-dependent anion channel; VT, distribution volume; d.c. RCYs, decay-corrected radiochemical yields; dMCAO, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion; fP, plasma free fraction; n.d.c. RCYs, non-decay-corrected radiochemical yields; p.i., post-injection