An Anti-Tumor Vaccine Against Marek's Disease Virus Induces Differential Activation and Memory Response of γδ T Cells and CD8 T Cells in Chickens.
Front Immunol
; 12: 645426, 2021.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33659011
ABSTRACT
Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a highly oncogenic alphaherpesvirus that causes deadly T-cell lymphomas and serves as a natural virus-induced tumor model in chickens. The most efficacious vaccine, CVI988/Rispens (CVI988), against MD has been used for several decades. However, the mechanisms leading to protective immunity following vaccination are not fully understood. In this study, employing multi-parameter flow cytometry, we performed a comprehensive analysis of T cell responses in CVI988-vaccinated chickens. CVI988 vaccination induced significant expansion of γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells but not CD4+ T cells in spleen, lung and blood at early time-points. The expansion of these cells was CVI988-specific as infection with very virulent MDV RB1B did not elicit expansion of either γδ or CD8α+ T cells. Phenotypic analysis showed that CVI988 vaccination elicited preferential proliferation of CD8α+ γδ T cells and CD8αα co-receptor expression was upregulated on γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells after immunization. Additionally, cell sorting and quantitative RT-PCR showed that CVI988 vaccination activated γδ T cells and CD8α+ T cells which exhibited differential expression of cytotoxic and T cell-related cytokines. Lastly, secondary immunization with CVI988 induced the expansion of CD8+ T cells but not γδ T cells at higher magnitude, compared to primary immunization, suggesting CVI988 did induce memory CD8+ T cells but not γδ T cells in chickens. Our results, for the first time, reveal a potential role of γδ T cells in CVI988-induced immune protection and provide new insights into the mechanism of immune protection against oncogenic MDV.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Poultry Diseases
/
Viral Vaccines
/
Chickens
/
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
/
Herpesvirus 2, Gallid
/
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
/
Cancer Vaccines
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Front Immunol
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China