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Blood cysts of the cardiac valves in adults: Review and analysis of published cases.
Bortolotti, Uberto; Vendramin, Igor; Lechiancole, Andrea; Sponga, Sandro; Pucci, Angela; Milano, Aldo D; Livi, Ugolino.
Affiliation
  • Bortolotti U; Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Vendramin I; Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Lechiancole A; Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Sponga S; Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy.
  • Pucci A; Division of Pathology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
  • Milano AD; Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
  • Livi U; Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy.
J Card Surg ; 36(12): 4690-4698, 2021 Dec.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34519088
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND

AIM:

Blood cysts of cardiac valves are generally seen in newborns and infants and very rarely in adults. Although in most cases they are incidental findings they may be associated to severe cardiac or systemic complications. This study analyzes incidence, presentation, and treatment of valvular blood cysts in adults.

METHODS:

A review of the pertinent literature through a search mainly on PubMed and Medline was performed.

RESULTS:

In patients ≥18 years of age, our search disclosed 54 patients with mitral blood cysts (mean age, 48 ± 18 years), 9 with a tricuspid valve cyst (mean age, 67 ± 15 years), 3 with a blood cyst on the pulmonary valve (age 31, 43, and 44 years), and 1 aortic valve cyst in a 22-year-old man. Most patients were asymptomatic while stroke, syncope, or myocardial infarction occurred in six patients with a mitral valve cyst. Blood cysts were removed surgically in 70% of patients with a mitral cyst, in 55% with a tricuspid cyst, and in all those with a pulmonary or aortic cyst. At histology, the cyst wall was composed mainly by fibrous tissue and with the inner surface lined with typical endothelium.

CONCLUSIONS:

Blood cysts of cardiac valves are rare in adults but may cause life-threatening complications, particularly when located on the mitral valve. For such reason, surgical removal appears advisable, with low-risk procedures. Widespread use of multimodality imaging techniques will most likely increase the number of valvular blood cysts diagnosed also in adults.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pulmonary Valve / Cysts Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Humans / Infant / Male / Middle aged / Newborn Language: En Journal: J Card Surg Journal subject: CARDIOLOGIA Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Italia

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pulmonary Valve / Cysts Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Humans / Infant / Male / Middle aged / Newborn Language: En Journal: J Card Surg Journal subject: CARDIOLOGIA Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Italia