Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: current achievements and future perspective.
Int J Biol Sci
; 17(14): 3837-3849, 2021.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34671202
ABSTRACT
Following dramatic success in many types of advanced solid tumors, interest in immunotherapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly growing. Given the compelling long-term durable remission, two programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-blocking antibodies, pembrolizumab and nivolumab (with or without Ipilimumab), have been approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) that is mismatch-repair-deficient and microsatellite instability-high (dMMR-MSI-H). Practice-changing results of several randomized controlled trials to move immunotherapy into the first-line treatment for MSI-H metastasis cancer and earlier stage were reported successively in the past 2 years. Besides, new intriguing advances to expand the efficacy of immunotherapy to mCRC that is mismatch-repair-proficient and low microsatellite instability (pMMR-MSI-L) demonstrated the potential benefits for the vast majority of mCRC cases. Great attention is also paid to the advances in cancer vaccines and adoptive cell therapy (ACT). In this review, we summarize the above progresses, and also highlight the current predictive biomarkers of responsiveness in immunotherapy with broad clinical utility.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Colorectal Neoplasms
/
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
/
Immunotherapy
Type of study:
Clinical_trials
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Int J Biol Sci
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA
Year:
2021
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China