AAV, adeno-associated virus; CDC, Centers for Disease control and prevention; CTAP, MOR agonist (D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Arg-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2); DAMGO, synthetic specific MOR agonist [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin; DRG, dorsal respiratory group; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GIRK, G protein-gated inwardly-rectifying potassium (K+); GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; KCNQ, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels in the KCNQ (Kv7) family; KF, Kölliker-Fuse nucleus; Kölliker-Fuse nucleus and opioid-induced respiratory depression; MOR, mu opioid receptor; NADES, neonatal antidepressant exposure syndrome; NAS, neonatal abstinence syndrome; NIH, National Institutes of Health; NK-1R, neurokinin-1 receptor; NOWES, neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Neural mediation of opioid-induced respiratory depression; OAD, opioid analgesic drug; OIRD, opioid-induced respiratory depression; PBL, lateral parabrachial; PBN, parabrachial nucleus; PRG, pontine respiratory group; Pathophysiology of opioid-induced respiratory depression; Pre-Bötzinger complex and opioid-induced respiratory depression; RD, respiratory depression; TACR1, tachykinin receptor 1; VRG, ventral respiratory group; preBötC, pre-Bötzinger complex