Depression and antidepressant effects of ketamine and its metabolites: The pivotal role of gut microbiota.
Neuropharmacology
; 220: 109272, 2022 12 01.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36170927
ABSTRACT
The discovery of the robust antidepressant actions of ketamine is regarded as one of the greatest advancements in depression treatment in the past 60 years. Recent findings have provided strong evidence for the presence of bidirectional communication networks between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain in depression. Moreover, increasing evidence supports the antidepressant role of ketamine in regulating the gut microbiome and microbiota-derived molecules; however, the mechanisms underpinning such effects are still ambiguous. This review summarizes the current understanding of the anti-depressant mechanisms of ketamine and its metabolites regarding the bidirectional regulation by microbiota-gut-brain axis. We review the relationship between gut microbiota and the antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine, and discuss the role of stress response, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-mediated neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory effect and neurotransmitters.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
/
Ketamine
Language:
En
Journal:
Neuropharmacology
Year:
2022
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China