Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Estimation in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 108(9): e789-e798, 2023 08 18.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36881927
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk than the general population. OBJECTIVE:
This observational study aims to evaluate sex-related differences in CVD prevalence and CVD risk estimates in a large cohort of T1D adults.METHODS:
We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study involving 2041 patients with T1D (mean age 46 years; 44.9% women). In patients without pre-existing CVD (primary prevention), we used the Steno type 1 risk engine to estimate the 10-year risk of developing CVD events.RESULTS:
CVD prevalence (n = 116) was higher in men than in women aged ≥55 years (19.2 vs 12.8%, P = .036), but comparable between the 2 sexes in those aged <55 years (P = .91). In patients without pre-existing CVD (n = 1925), mean 10-year estimated CVD risk was 15.4 ± 0.4% without any significant sex difference. However, stratifying this patient group by age, the 10-year estimated CVD risk was significantly higher in men than in women until age 55 years (P < .001), but this risk equalized after this age. Carotid artery plaque burden was significantly associated with age ≥55 years and with a medium and high 10-year estimated CVD risk, without any significant sex difference. Diabetic retinopathy and sensory-motor neuropathy were also associated with higher 10-year CVD risk and female sex.CONCLUSION:
Both men and women with T1D are at high CVD risk. The 10-year estimated CVD risk was higher in men aged <55 years than in women of similar age, but these sex differences disappeared at age ≥55 years, suggesting that female sex was no longer protective.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cardiovascular Diseases
/
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
Type of study:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspects:
Patient_preference
Limits:
Adult
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Italia