Revisiting the Mesenchymal "Stem vs. Stromal" Cell Dichotomy and Its Implications for Development of Improved Potency Metrics.
Stem Cells
; 41(5): 444-452, 2023 05 15.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36891977
ABSTRACT
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapies have been evaluated in over 1500 human clinical trials for a diverse array of disease indication, but outcomes remain unpredictable due to knowledge gaps in the quality attributes that confer therapeutic potency onto cells and their mode of action in vivo. Based on accumulated evidence from pre-clinical models, MSCs exert therapeutic effects by repressing inflammatory and immune-mediated response via paracrine action following reprogramming by the host injury microenvironment, and by polarization of tissue resident macrophages following phagocytosis to an alternatively activated (M2) state. An important tenet of this existing paradigm is that well-established stem/progenitor functions of MSCs are independent of paracrine function and dispensable for their anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive functions. Herein, we review evidence that stem/progenitor and paracrine functions of MSCs are mechanistically linked and organized hierarchically and describe how this link may be exploited to develop metrics that predict MSC potency across a spectrum of activities and regenerative medicine applications.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
/
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Stem Cells
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Estados Unidos