Mast cell activation: beyond histamine and tryptase.
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
; 19(6): 639-654, 2023 06.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37029958
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Mast cells are found in all tissues and express numerous surface receptors allowing them to sense and respond to allergic, autoimmune, environmental, neurohormonal, pathogenic and stress triggers. Stimulated mast cells are typically called 'activated' but the mechanisms involved and the mediators released can vary considerably. Mast cell activation diseases (MCADs) include primary, secondary and idiopathic conditions, especially mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), but mast cells are activated in many other disorders making the diagnosis and treatment challenging. AREAS COVERED Mast cells can release numerous biologically active mediators, some of which are prestored in secretory granules while others are newly synthesized and released without degranulation. Most of the emphasis has so far been on secretion of histamine and tryptase, which do not explain all the multisystemic symptoms experienced by patients with MCADs. As a result, drug development has focused on antiproliferative therapy or blocking the action of individual mediators and not on inhibitors of mast cell activation. EXPERT OPINION Activated mast cells are involved in the pathogenesis of MCADs, but also in other disorders making appropriate diagnosis and treatment challenging. The definition of mast cell activation should be expanded beyond histamine and tryptase, with an emphasis on better detection and treatments.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Mastocytosis
/
Mast Cells
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Expert Rev Clin Immunol
Journal subject:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Estados Unidos