Insights adjusting for non-adherence in randomized clinical trials: a reanalysis of an adjuvant trial of tamoxifen duration in early breast cancer.
Br J Cancer
; 129(9): 1516-1523, 2023 10.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37697030
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Several randomized clinical trials provide evidence of the survival benefit of extended adjuvant tamoxifen in women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive early breast cancer (BC). However, non-adherence may lead to underestimate treatment effects using intention to treat (ITT) methods. We reanalyzed a randomized trial using contemporary statistical methods adjusting for non-adherence.METHODS:
The TAM01 study was a phase 3 trial including women with early BC, who had completed 2-3 years of adjuvant tamoxifen between 1986 and 1995. Participants were randomly assigned to continue tamoxifen up to 10 years or to discontinue the treatment at randomization. Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using marginal structural models (MSM) and rank preserving structural failure time model (RPSFTM).RESULTS:
Of 3830 patients enrolled, 2485 were randomized to extended tamoxifen, and 1345 to treatment discontinuation. The 10-year non-adherence rate in the extended group was 27.2%. Among women with ER-positive BC (n = 2402), extended tamoxifen was associated with a 45% and 21% relative improvement in iDFS by MSM and RPSFTM, respectively (Hazard Ratio (HR), 0.55; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.48-0.64 and HR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.67-0.95, respectively), a considerable greater benefit than in the ITT analysis (HR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.81-0.99). The OS reanalysis revealed a substantial benefit of extended tamoxifen (MSM HR, 0.70; 95%CI, 0.59-0.83; RPSFTM HR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.67-1.04), compared to the ITT analyses (HR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.84-1.07).CONCLUSION:
This analysis emphasizes both the importance of adherence to hormonotherapy in hormone-receptor positive early BC and the usefulness of more complex statistical analyses.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Tamoxifen
/
Breast Neoplasms
Type of study:
Clinical_trials
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Br J Cancer
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Francia