[Role of glucocorticoids in pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with non-HIV infection/AIDS (HIV/AIDS) and related mechanisms].
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
; 46(12): 1249-1253, 2023 Dec 12.
Article
in Zh
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38044054
ABSTRACT
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection caused by Pneumocystis carinii and is the most common fungal infection in HIV/AIDS patients. With the routine use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of PCP infection in HIV/AIDS patients has decreased and the prognosis has improved significantly. On the other hand, the use of chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with cancer, post-transplantation and autoimmune diseases are increasing dramatically, which has led to a similar increase in the incidence of PCP in these non-HIV/AIDS patients. There is a global shift in research on PCP from HIV-infected co-infected PCP (HIV-PCP) to non-HIV-infected co-infected PCP. The clinical course of non-HIV-PCP is rapid and severe, and the morbidity and mortality rates are higher than those of HIV-PCP. Studies have shown that 90% of non-HIV-PCP patients have a history of glucocorticoid use prior to infection, such as in patients with hematologic malignancies, solid organ transplants, and rheumatic diseases, and that long-term high-dose glucocorticoid use is an important risk for PCP susceptibility. Clinical practice has shown that PCP often occurs during the tapering of glucocorticoids, and a higher proportion of patients develop diffuse pulmonary lesions and, in more severe cases suffer from life-threatening acute respiratory failure. The pathogenesis of non-HIV infections associated with PCP is not yet clarified, and there is a lack of effective therapeutic practices that require further investigation.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
/
HIV Infections
/
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
/
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Limits:
Humans
Language:
Zh
Journal:
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi
Year:
2023
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
China
Publication country:
CHINA
/
CN
/
REPUBLIC OF CHINA