Pan-cancer assessment of antineoplastic therapy-induced interstitial lung disease in patients receiving subsequent therapy immediately following immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Respir Res
; 25(1): 25, 2024 Jan 10.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38200501
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) is a serious adverse event potentially induced by any antineoplastic agent. Whether cancer patients are predisposed to a higher risk of DIILD after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unknown.METHODS:
This study retrospectively assessed the cumulative incidence of DIILD in consecutive cancer patients who received post-ICI antineoplastic treatment within 6 months from the final dose of ICIs. There was also a separate control cohort of 55 ICI-naïve patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received docetaxel.RESULTS:
Of 552 patients who received ICIs, 186 met the inclusion criteria. The cohort predominantly comprised patients with cancer of the lung, kidney/urinary tract, or gastrointestinal tract. The cumulative incidence of DIILD in the entire cohort at 3 and 6 months was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4%-8.7%) and 7.2% (95% CI 4.0%-11.5%), respectively. There were significant differences according to cancer type (Gray's test, P = .04), with the highest cumulative incidence of DIILD in patients with lung cancer being 9.8% (95% CI 4.3%-18.0%) at 3 months and 14.2% (95% CI 7.3%-23.3%) at 6 months. DIILD was caused by docetaxel in six of these 11 lung cancer patients (54.5%). After matching, the cumulative incidence of docetaxel-induced ILD in patients with NSCLC in the post-ICI setting was higher than that in the ICI-naïvesetting:
13.0% (95% CI 3.3%-29.7%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%-18.2%) at 3 months; and 21.7% (95% CI 7.9%-39.9%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%-18.2%) at 6 months. However, these were not significant differences (hazard ratio, 5.37; 95% CI 0.64-45.33; Fine-Gray P = .12).CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with lung cancer were at high risk of developing DIILD in subsequent regimens after ICI treatment. Whether NSCLC patients are predisposed to additional risk of docetaxel-induced ILD by prior ICIs warrants further study.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
/
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
/
Lung Neoplasms
/
Antineoplastic Agents
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Respir Res
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Japón
Country of publication:
Reino Unido