Spatial epidemiology of human anthrax in Son La province, Vietnam, 2003-2022.
Zoonoses Public Health
; 71(4): 392-401, 2024 Jun.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38282103
ABSTRACT
AIMS:
Anthrax is reported with frequency but poorly understood in Southeast Asian countries including Vietnam. In Vietnam, anthrax surveillance is national. However, case detection, prevention, and control are implemented locally at the provincial level. Here, we describe the epidemiological characteristics, identify spatial clusters of human anthrax, and compare the variation in livestock anthrax vaccine coverage to disease incidence in humans and livestock using historical data in Son La province, Vietnam (2003-2020). METHODS ANDRESULTS:
Most human cases occurred between April and September. Most of the patients were male, aged 15-54 years old. The human cases were mainly reported by public district hospitals. There was a delay between disease onset and hospitalization of ~5 days. We identified spatial clusters of high-high incidence communes in the northern communes of the province using the local Moran's I statistic. The vaccine coverage sharply decreased across the study period. The province reported sporadic human anthrax outbreaks, while animal cases were only reported in 2005 and 2022.CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest underreporting for human and livestock anthrax in the province. Intersectoral information sharing is needed to aid livestock vaccination planning, which currently relies on reported livestock cases. The spatial clusters identify areas for targeted surveillance and livestock vaccination, while the seasonal case data suggest prioritizing vaccination campaigns for February or early March ahead of the April peak. A regional approach for studying the role of livestock trading between Son La and neighbouring provinces in anthrax occurrence is recommended.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Anthrax
Type of study:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Screening_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Animals
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Zoonoses Public Health
/
Zoonoses and public health
/
Zoonoses public health
Journal subject:
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
/
SAUDE PUBLICA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Estados Unidos
Country of publication:
Alemania