N-Acetyl-L-cysteine attenuates titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP)-induced autophagy in male germ cells.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
; 108: 104466, 2024 Jun.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38759847
ABSTRACT
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in consumer products, raising concerns about their impact on human health. This study investigates the effects of TiO2 NPs on male germ cells while focusing on cell proliferation inhibition and underlying mechanisms. This was done by utilizing mouse GC-1 spermatogonia cells, an immortalized spermatogonia cell line. TiO2 NPs induced a concentration-dependent proliferation inhibition with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Notably, TiO2 NPs induced autophagy and decreased ERK phosphorylation. Treatment with the ROS inhibitor N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) alleviated TiO2 NPs-induced autophagy, restored ERK phosphorylation, and promoted cell proliferation. These findings call attention to the reproductive risks posed by TiO2 NPs while also highlighting NAC as a possible protective agent against reproductive toxins.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Acetylcysteine
/
Autophagy
/
Titanium
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Cell Proliferation
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Metal Nanoparticles
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
/
Environ. toxicol. pharmacol
/
Environmental toxicology and pharmacology
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
Países Bajos