Testicular Cancer and Paraneoplastic Encephalitis: A Review of the Current Literature.
Clin Genitourin Cancer
; 22(4): 102111, 2024 Aug.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38820998
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Paraneoplastic encephalitis (PE) represents a rare but significant complication in patients with testicular cancer (TC). Given the paucity of comprehensive literature on this topic, our review seeks to consolidate current knowledge and provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of PE in the context of TC. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
In adherence to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was conducted from 1950 to April 2024 using PubMed. The search focused on articles where TC was identified as the primary etiology of PE. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine's levels of evidence tool were employed for assessing study quality, and a thematic analysis was conducted to identify trends and patterns.RESULTS:
Out of 91 articles identified, 29 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 5 retrospective chart reviews, 3 case series, and 22 case reports. Findings indicate that PE symptoms can manifest at any stage of TC-before tumor detection, during treatment, or even years posttreatment. A notable observation was the frequent oversight of microscopic testicular tumors in ultrasound imaging, leading to diagnostic delays. The outcomes of PE in the context of TC were diverse, reflecting the heterogeneity of the studies included.CONCLUSION:
PE, although rare, is a critical consideration in patients with TC presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Early recognition and appropriate diagnostic workup, including consideration for microscopic neoplasms, are essential for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Testicular Neoplasms
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Language:
En
Journal:
Clin Genitourin Cancer
/
Clin. genitourin. cancer (Online)
/
Clinical genitourinary cancer (Online)
Journal subject:
NEOPLASIAS
/
UROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
Estados Unidos