Orthodontic extrusion with fixed appliances for treatment of intrusive luxation injuries: A prospective study of 28 permanent maxillary incisors.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists on the treatment options of tooth repositioning after intrusive luxation. AIM: The study aimed to investigate the outcomes and complications of orthodontic extrusion in treating intruded maxillary permanent incisors. DESIGN: A prospective study was conducted involving 28 intruded maxillary permanent incisors treated with orthodontic extrusion, compared with a retrospective control group of 29 teeth that underwent spontaneous re-eruption. The success rate of tooth repositioning, as well as pulp condition, periodontal healing, and root development were assessed and compared. RESULTS: The success rate of orthodontic extrusion was 96.4%, excluding one tooth that was ankylosed before treatment. There were no significant differences in pulp condition between the orthodontic extrusion and control groups for teeth with immature root development. Teeth with mature root development in the orthodontic group, however, showed a significantly higher rate of pulp necrosis (100%, p < .05). Periodontal healing outcomes were similar across both groups, regardless of the maturity of root development. The root length continued increasing during orthodontic extrusion treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontic extrusion treatment could effectively reposition moderately to severely intrusive permanent incisors, without increasing the risk of complications compared with spontaneous re-eruption.