Mindsets over matter: priming theory of mind improves older adults' mental state attributions about naturalistic social interactions.
Aging Ment Health
; : 1-9, 2024 Sep 08.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39244679
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Aging is associated with declines in theory of mind - the ability to infer the mental states of others. We examined whether priming theory of mind mindsets actively (Study 1) and passively (Study 2) improved older adults' performance.METHOD:
Across two studies, participants completed a novel question-and-answer theory of mind task using the television show Nathan for You® in a mindset or no mindset condition. In Study 1, participants (N = 324, 18-84 years) completed a similar task related to a different show prior to the Nathan for You task (active mindset). In Study 2, young (N = 235; MAge = 20.47) and older (N = 193, MAge = 74.48) adults made continuous ratings of awkwardness of different episodes of Nathan for You before completing the question-and-answer task (passive mindset). We also measured executive function and episodic memory. In both studies, the same tasks were performed in reverse order for the control conditions (no mindset).RESULTS:
Mindsets were associated with small-to-medium increases in theory of mind performance. Cognitive ability did not explain these improvements.CONCLUSION:
These findings suggest that theory of mind performance can be improved through motivation (e.g. mindsets); cognitive function (e.g. ability) does not moderate this relationship.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Aging Ment Health
Journal subject:
GERIATRIA
/
PSICOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Estados Unidos
Country of publication:
Reino Unido