Analysis of CT signs of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia / 实用放射学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the common CT signs of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)-associated pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia(PJP).Methods The chest CT data of 123 patients with AIDS-associated PJP were analyzed retrospectively.Results Multifocal lesions in both lungs were found in all cases.Distribution characteristics were as follows:diffuse and symmetrical distribution in both lungs in 100 cases(81.3％),diffuse and asymmetrical distribution in both lungs in 15 cases(12.2％),and scattered distribution in both lungs in 8 cases(6.5％).The density and morphological features were as follows:ground glass opacity in 120 cases(97.6％);"lunate arch sign"in 25 cases(20.3％);pulmonary interstitial proliferation in 103 cases(83.7％);crazy paving pattern in 14 cases(11.4％);patchy or consolidation shadow in 55 cases(44.7％);pulmonary cysts in 26 cases(21.1％);and nodular in 26 cases(21.1％).Other rare signs included pleural effusion in 11 cases,pericardial effusion in 6 cases,mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy in 9 cases,and mediastinal emphysema in 1 case.Conclusion The chest CT manifestations of AIDS-associated PJP have certain characteristics,including diffuse and symmetrical distribution of lesions in both lungs,as well as ground glass opacity and interstitial hyperplasia as common signs,especially,"lunate arch sign"and pulmonary cysts are more specific signs.