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Efectividad preventiva de la vacuna varicela en pacientes sanos no expuestos / Preventive effectiveness of varicella vaccine in healthy unexposed patients
Catalina Castro, María; Rojas, Pamela.
Affiliation
  • Catalina Castro, María; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Santiago. CL
  • Rojas, Pamela; Proyecto Epistemonikos. Santiago. CL
Medwave ; 20(6): e7983, 31-07-2020.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1119734
Responsible library: CL1.1
RESUMEN

INTRODUCCIÓN:

La varicela es una enfermedad infectocontagiosa producida por el virus varicela-zóster. Para su prevención, convencionalmente se utiliza la vacuna varicela, cuya administración busca disminuir la aparición de enfermedad y sus complicaciones. Sin embargo, aún existe controversia sobre la efectividad.

MÉTODOS:

Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y

CONCLUSIONES:

Se identificaron dos revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron 16 estudios primarios, de los cuales, tres corresponden a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que la vacunación contra la varicela disminuye el riesgo de contraer la enfermedad a largo plazo en pacientes sanos sin exposición previa y que probablemente disminuye el riesgo de contraer la enfermedad a corto plazo. Sin embargo, aumenta la reacción local 48 horas posterior a su administración y probablemente aumenta la aparición de fiebre y varicela-like rash.
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION:

Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus. Varicella vaccine is conventionally used for its prevention, and its administration seeks to reduce the onset of the disease and complications associated. However, there is still controversy about its effectiveness.

METHODS:

We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND

CONCLUSIONS:

We identified two systematic reviews including 16 studies overall, of which three were randomized trials. We concluded that the varicella vaccine decreases the risk of contracting the disease in the long term and probably reduces the risk of developing the disease in the short term in healthy unexposed patients. Nevertheless, the vaccination increases the occurrence of local reactions 48 hours after its administration and probably increases the presence of fever and chickenpox-like rash.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 10: Communicable diseases / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Chickenpox / Chickenpox Vaccine Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Prognostic study / Systematic review Limits: Humans Language: English / Spanish Journal: Medwave Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile/CL / Proyecto Epistemonikos/CL

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / SDG3 - Health and Well-Being Health problem: Goal 10: Communicable diseases / Target 3.3: End transmission of communicable diseases Database: LILACS Main subject: Chickenpox / Chickenpox Vaccine Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Prognostic study / Systematic review Limits: Humans Language: English / Spanish Journal: Medwave Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2020 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile/CL / Proyecto Epistemonikos/CL
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