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Exposición ocupacional a insecticidas en el control de vectores Aedes en Ecuador / Occupational exposure to pesticides in vector control in Ecuador
Lema Cachinell, Belinda Marta; Delgado Saeteros, Emma Zulay; Lema Cachinell, Alejandro Nicolás; Navas Román, Jessica Ivonne; Gutiérrez Bermúdez, Joselyn Melissa.
Affiliation
  • Lema Cachinell, Belinda Marta; Instituto Superior Univerisatrio de Formación (UF). Guayaquil. EC
  • Delgado Saeteros, Emma Zulay; Instituto Superior Univerisatrio de Formación (UF). Guayaquil. EC
  • Lema Cachinell, Alejandro Nicolás; Instituto Superior Univerisatrio de Formación (UF). Guayaquil. EC
  • Navas Román, Jessica Ivonne; RedGIA. Guayaquil. EC
  • Gutiérrez Bermúdez, Joselyn Melissa; RedGIA. Guayaquil. EC
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 61(1): 21-28, 10 de marzo de 2021.
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177399
Responsible library: VE554.9
RESUMEN
Las Enfermedades de Transmisión Vectorial contribuyen de manera importante a la carga mundial de morbilidad afectando de manera especial a las poblaciones de los países en desarrollo. Ecuador es un país tropical, con condiciones climáticas favorables a para albergar mosquitos de las especies Aedes que son vectores activos de arbovirosis como el dengue, el zika, el chikungunya y la fiebre amarilla para las no existe un tratamiento específico ni métodos efectivos de inmunización, y la única forma de controlar la transmisión está dirigida hacia sus vectores. El uso de insecticidas químicos ha sido la forma más utilizada en los programas de Control, siendo Temephos, Deltametrina y Malathion los más comunes en Ecuador en la actualidad. El uso de los insecticidas tiene un efecto dual sobre la salud pública Positivo, gracias al control que brinda a los vectores transmisores de ETV; y Negativo, traducido en los riesgos para la salud de trabajadores expuestos directamente y de la población en general causando efectos agudos y crónicos. El reconocimiento como trabajo de alto riesgo a la tarea de los fumigadores de Ecuador dado por el mayor ente ambiental del país, permite que se tomen las acciones necesarias para garantizar su salud y de ésta manera pueda verse reducido el impacto negativo, adoptando mejores y más eficientes métodos y equipos que sean seguros en la aplicación de insecticidas de control vectorial.
ABSTRACT
Vector-borne diseases contribute significantly to the global burden of disease, particularly affecting populations in developing countries. Ecuador is a tropical country, with favorable climatic conditions to house mosquitoes of Aedes species that are active vectors of arbovirosis such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever for which there is no specific treatment or effective method of immunization, and the only way to control transmission is to target their vectors. The use of chemical insecticides has been the most used form in Control programs, being Temephos, Deltametrina and Malathion the most common in Ecuador today. The use of insecticides has a dual effect on public health Positive, thanks to the control provided to ETV transmitter vectors; and Negative, translated into the health risks to directly exposed workers and the general population causing acute and chronic effects. The recognition as high-risk work of the work of the Ecuadorian fumigators given by the largest environmental entity in the country, allows the necessary actions to be taken to guarantee their health and in this way the negative impact can be reduced, adopting better and more efficient methods and equipment that are safe in the application of vector control insecticides.
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Target 3.9 Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / Neglected Diseases Health problem: Occupational Exposures / Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Chikungunya Fever / Dengue Database: LILACS Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English / Spanish Journal: Bol. malariol. salud ambient Journal subject: Social Sciences / Tropical Medicine Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Ecuador Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Superior Univerisatrio de Formación (UF)/EC / RedGIA/EC
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Target 3.9 Reduce the amount of deaths produced by dangerous chemicals and the pollution of the air, water and soil / Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas / Neglected Diseases Health problem: Occupational Exposures / Goal 9: Noncommunicable diseases and mental health / Chikungunya Fever / Dengue Database: LILACS Country/Region as subject: South America / Ecuador Language: English / Spanish Journal: Bol. malariol. salud ambient Journal subject: Social Sciences / Tropical Medicine Year: 2021 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Ecuador Institution/Affiliation country: Instituto Superior Univerisatrio de Formación (UF)/EC / RedGIA/EC
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