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Factores de riesgo relacionados con la severidad del asma bronquial en el Servicio de Urgencias / Risk Factors Related to the Severity of Bronchial Asthma in an Emergency Service
Oquendo de la Cruz, Yudalvis; Valdivia Álvarez, Ileana; Cisneros Rodríguez, Ania Rosa.
Affiliation
  • Oquendo de la Cruz, Yudalvis; Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez. CU
  • Valdivia Álvarez, Ileana; Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez. CU
  • Cisneros Rodríguez, Ania Rosa; Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez. CU
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 38(2): e1743, abr.-jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408703
Responsible library: CU1.1
RESUMEN

Introducción:

En la actualidad existen aproximadamente 300 millones de personas a nivel mundial con diagnóstico de asma y con una mortalidad de 250 mil cada año. Cuba no está ajena a esta realidad.

Objetivo:

Relacionar la frecuencia de presentación de factores de riesgo dependientes del huésped y del medio ambiente con el grado de severidad de las crisis en niños.

Métodos:

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 600 niños de 1 a 18 años de edad, atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez, de enero a diciembre del año 2018.

Resultados:

La mayoría de los pacientes atendidos fueron del sexo masculino (53 por ciento) y del grupo de edad de 5 a 9 años (46,3 por ciento). Dentro de los factores de riesgo que predominaron en el estudio fueron los más frecuente las infecciones virales (51,3 por ciento), los cambios de temperatura (58,2 por ciento) y la no adherencia al tratamiento (45,5 por ciento). Se encontraron antecedentes familiares de asma bronquial en 62,2 por ciento y antecedentes de atopia en 60 por ciento.

Conclusiones:

Existen factores de riesgo modificables en pacientes asmáticos, lo que implica que se puede disminuir la severidad del asma bronquial en urgencias(AU)
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Currently, there are around 300 million people in the world diagnosed with asthma and a mortality rate of 250 thousand every year. Cuba is not apart from this reality.

Objective:

To relate the frequency of presentation of host- and environment-dependent risk factors with the degree of severity of crises among children.

Methods:

A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with 600 children aged 1-18 years, who receive attention in the emergency department of Juan Manuel Márquez Pediatric Hospital from January to December 2018.

Results:

Most of the patients who received attention were male (53 percent) and belonged to the age group of 5-9 years (46.3 percent). Among the predominating risk factors of the study, the most frequent were viral infections (51.3 percent), temperature changes (58.2 percent) and non-adherence to treatment (45.5 percent). Family history of bronchial asthma was found in 62.2 percent, together with a history of atopy, accounting for 60 percent.

Conclusions:

There are modifiable risk factors in asthma patients, which allows to decrease the severity of bronchial asthma in the emergency department(AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Asthma / Other Respiratory Diseases / Environmental Health / Noncommunicable Diseases Database: CUMED / LILACS Main subject: Asthma Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez/CU
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Asthma / Other Respiratory Diseases / Environmental Health / Noncommunicable Diseases Database: CUMED / LILACS Main subject: Asthma Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors Limits: Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2022 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez/CU
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