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Frecuencia y características de la encefalopatia hipertensiva secundaria a glomerulonefritis posinfecciosa en pacientes internados en un hospital de referencia nacional
Troche, Avelina; Samudio, Margarita; Avalos, Domingo S.; Adorno, Teresita; Basabe, Mearlyn; Nuñez, Nilsa; Duarte, Cynthia; Gómez, Nidia; Lezcano, Fabiola; Araya, Soraya.
Affiliation
  • Troche, Avelina; s.af
  • Samudio, Margarita; s.af
  • Avalos, Domingo S.; s.af
  • Adorno, Teresita; s.af
  • Basabe, Mearlyn; s.af
  • Nuñez, Nilsa; s.af
  • Duarte, Cynthia; s.af
  • Gómez, Nidia; s.af
  • Lezcano, Fabiola; s.af
  • Araya, Soraya; s.af
Pediatr. (Asuncion) ; 50(1)abr. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431033
Responsible library: PY40.1
RESUMEN

Introducción:

La glomerulonefritis aguda pos infecciosa (GNPI) puede cursar con complicaciones como la encefalopatía hipertensiva en 7-11% de los casos.

Objetivo:

determinar la frecuencia y características de la encefalopatía hipertensiva (EH) secundaria a GNPI en pacientes internados en el Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional en el periodo enero/2000-diciembre/2018. Materiales y

Métodos:

Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de pacientes con síndrome nefrítico (SN) con C3 disminuido y normalización a los tres meses, con hipertensión arterial (HTA) severa acompañada de manifestaciones neurológicas (cefalea, náuseas, vómitos, alteración de conciencia, convulsiones), que cedieron al regularizarse la HTA. Se estudiaron las características sociodemográficas (edad, sexo, procedencia, escolaridad de los padres, número de hijos) y clínicas (edema periférico, edema agudo de pulmón, hematuria, y manifestaciones neurológicas). Los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva mediante EPIINFO (CDC, Atlanta), expresando las variables cuantitativas como mediana y rango intercuartílico (RIC) y las cualitativas como frecuencia absoluta y porcentual.

Resultados:

27 /160 (16,8%) pacientes, desarrollaron EH. La edad varió entre 3 a 16 años (mediana 10 años; RIC 5); el antecedente infeccioso más frecuente fue piodermitis (40,7%), seguido de faringitis aguda (37%). Todos los pacientes presentaron edema periférico y cefalea intensa. La duración de la HTA tuvo una mediana de 5 días (RIC 4) y los días de internación una mediana de 7 (RIC 6). Ningún paciente requirió diálisis ni quedó con secuelas, no se registraron óbitos.

Conclusión:

en pacientes con EH debe considerarse el diagnóstico de GNPI, investigando antecedentes infecciosos y valorando adecuadamente la volemia.
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis (APGN) can present with complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy in 7-11% of cases.

Objective:

to determine the frequency and characteristics of hypertensive encephalopathy (HE) secondary to APGN in patients admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of the National Hospital from January/2000 to December/2018. Materials and

Methods:

This was an observational, descriptive and retrospective study of patients with nephritic syndrome (NS) with decreased C3 and normalization at three months, with severe arterial hypertension (AHT) accompanied by neurological manifestations (headache, nausea, vomiting, altered consciousness, seizures), which subsided when the AHT was controlled. Sociodemographic (age, sex, place of residence, parental education level, number of children in home) and clinical (peripheral edema, acute pulmonary edema, hematuria, and neurological manifestations) characteristics were studied. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics through EPI INFO (CDC, Atlanta), expressing the quantitative variables as median and interquartile range (IQR) and the qualitative ones as absolute frequency and percentage.

Results:

27/160 (16.8%) patients developed HE. Age ranged from 3 to 16 years (median 10 years; IQR 5); the most frequent infectious history was pyodermitis (40.7%), followed by acute pharyngitis (37%). All patients presented peripheral edema and severe headache. The duration of AHT had a median of 5 days (IQR 4) and the days of hospitalization a median of 7 (IQR 6). No patient required dialysis or was left with sequelae, no deaths were recorded.

Conclusion:

in patients with HE, the diagnosis of APGN should be considered, a history of infections obtained and adequately assessing fluid status.

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Arterial Hypertension / Cardiovascular Disease / Neonatal Healthcare Database: LILACS Type of study: Health technology assessment / Observational study / Qualitative research Language: Spanish Journal: Pediatr. (Asuncion) Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2023 Document type: Article
Full text: Available Collection: International databases Health context: SDG3 - Health and Well-Being / SDG3 - Target 3.4 Reduce premature mortality due to noncommunicable diseases / SDG3 - Target 3.2 Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 Health problem: Target 3.2: Reduce avoidable death in newborns and children under 5 / Arterial Hypertension / Cardiovascular Disease / Neonatal Healthcare Database: LILACS Type of study: Health technology assessment / Observational study / Qualitative research Language: Spanish Journal: Pediatr. (Asuncion) Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2023 Document type: Article
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