Riesgos laborales en trabajadores del sector informal del Cauca, Colombia / Informal sector workers' occupational hazards regarding the Cauca department of Colombia
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá)
; 62(3): 390-399, July-Sept. 2014. ilus, tab
Article
in Es
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-956719
Responsible library:
CO332
RESUMEN
Antecedentes. Un estudio a nivel nacional permitió establecer los riesgos a los cuales estaban expuestos los trabajadores del sector informal del comercio. Sin embargo, no fue incluido el Departamento del Cauca. Objetivo. Describirlos riesgos laborales de las personas ocupadas en el sector informal del comercio, en cinco municipios del departamento del Cauca, durante el 2011. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal, desarrollado con 223 sujetos a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta estandarizada a nivel nacional. Resultados. Más del 20% de los taxistas y lecheros están expuestos a riesgos de seguridad, mientras que aproximadamente 1 de cada 4 vendedores ambulantes, carretilleros y vendedores de alimentos, están expuestos a riesgos ambientales. El grupo de mayor exposición a los riesgos sanitarios y a carga física son los carretilleros; más del 50% de estos, de vendedores de minutos y de vendedores ambulantes están expuestos a riesgos locativos. Además, aproximadamente 1 de cada 4 vendedores ambulantes y vendedores de alimentos están expuestos a riesgos de orden público. Conclusiones. Los riesgos laborales a los cuales están expuestos los trabajadores del sector informal del comercio no coinciden con los encontrados por un estudio desarrollado a nivel nacional. Por otro lado, la poca organización dentro de los grupos de trabajadores y la falta de políticas públicas pueden desencadenar aumento en la morbimortalidad de esta población.
ABSTRACT
Background. A national study already led to establishing informal workers' exposure to risks in Colombia; however, the Cauca department was not included in this. Objective. Describing the occupational hazards of people working in the informal sector in five municipalities in the Cauca department during 2011. Materials and methods. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which involved 223 people; they answered questions from a standardised national survey. Results. The survey revealed that more than 20% of the people driving taxis and/or working in the dairy sector were exposed to risks regarding safety and about 1 in 4 of the hawkers, porters and vendors selling food in the street were exposed to environmental hazards. Porters had the highest exposure to health-related and physical load-related risks. Over 50% of porters, street-sellers and people selling minutes for cell phones were at location-specific individual risk (LSIR) and about 1 in 4 of the hawkers and street food-sellers were exposed to risk regarding public order. Conclusions. The risks to which workers were exposed in the informal sector in the municipalities studied in the Cauca department coincided with those found by a prior national study; however, a lack of organisation within groups of workers and a lack of public policy could trigger increased morbidity and mortality rates in this population.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
LILACS
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspects:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
/
Equity_inequality
Country/Region as subject:
America do sul
/
Colombia
Language:
Es
Journal:
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá)
Journal subject:
MEDICINA
Year:
2014
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Colombia