Prevalencia de tamiz positivo para Depresión Postparto en un Hospital de tercer nivel y posibles factores asociados / Prevalence of Positive Screen for Postpartum Depression in a Tertiary Hospital and Associated Factors
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr
; 45(4): 253-261, oct.-dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Article
in Es
| LILACS, COLNAL
| ID: biblio-960091
Responsible library:
CO78
RESUMEN
La Depresión Posparto (DPP) es un importante trastorno de salud, con una prevalencia tres veces más alta en los países en desarrollo, se considera de etiología multifactorial, afecta tanto el bienestar materno como la salud, el comportamiento y el desarrollo del niño, se han reconocido la influencia de los factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales en el origen de la DPP y sus implicaciones, con diferente prevalencia reportadas de acuerdo a las características de la población estudiada. Objetivo:
Determinar la prevalencia DPP en el hospital Universitario San José de Popayán (HUSJ) y explorar que posibles factores asociados están relacionados con el desarrollo de la misma. Materiales yMétodos:
A través de un estudio trasversal en un hospital de nivel III, con una muestra de 194 puérperas, durante el periodo de Enero a Junio del 2015, a quienes se les aplico la escala de depresión de Edimburgo, tomando como tamiz positivo un punto de corte de 10 o más, además de recopilar las características sociodemográficas, se les aplico escala de apoyo social. Se estimó la prevalencia de periodo de DPP y se realizó exploración de los factores asociados a DPP por medio de análisis bivariado. Con base en el bivariado y por medio de regresión logística se generaron tres diferentes modelos multivariados (biológico, psicológico y social). Para seleccionar las variables incluidas en cada uno de estos, se tomaron en cuenta criterios teóricos y estadísticos.Resultados:
Se encontró una prevalencia de tamiz positivo para DPP de un 40,20% IC 95%; 33%-47%, posibles factores asociados a esta tenemos patología obstétrica de alto riesgo ORa = 2,11; IC95%, 1,11-4,01, neonato hospitalizado ORa = 1,95; IC95%, 1,01-3,76, pobre apoyo social ORa 12,92 IC 95%, 3,61-46,17, no poder lactar ORa =2,85, IC95%, 1,29-6,25, raza negra/indígena ORa 3,13 IC 95% 1,32-7,41, nivel educativo menora5años ORa 2,20; IC 95% 1,03-4,68, y régimen subsidiado ORa 2,61, IC95%, 1,17-5,79.Conclusión:
La prevalencia de DPP es más alta que la encontrada en países desarrollados, y es similar a la de los latinoamericanos incluyendo Colombia, la pobreza, las minorías étnicas, el pobre apoyo social y el resultado adverso materno y neonatal son los posibles factores asociados.ABSTRACT
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major health problem. With a three times higher prevalence in developing countries, it is of multiple origin and affects maternal well-being, such as health and behaviour, aswell as the development of the child. The influence of biological, psychological, and social factors and their implications have been recognised in the origins of PPD, with different prevalence reported depending on the characteristics of the study population. Objective:
To determine the prevalence of PPD in the University Hospital in San José de Popayan (HUSJ) and examine the factors associated with its development. Materials andmethods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a level III hospital on a sample of 194 postpartum women during the period from January to June 2015. The Edinburgh Depression Scale was used, taking a cut-off of 10 or more as a positive screen. The socio-demographic characteristics were also collected and social support scale was applied. The prevalence of the PPD period was estimated, and the determination of the factors associated with PPD was conducted using bivariate analysis. Based on the bivariate analysis and using logistic regression, three different models (biological, psychological and social) were generated. Theoretical and statistical criteria were taken into account in the selection of the variables to include in each of these.Results:
A prevalence of 40.20% (95% CI; 33%-47%) positives was found in the screening for PPD 95%. The possible factors associated with this are obstetric pathology high risk, ORa = 2.11; 95% CI; 1.11 to 4.01, hospitalised newborn, ORa = 1.95; 95% CI; 1.01-3.76, poor social support, ORa 12.92, 95% CI; 3.61-46.17, not able to breastfeed, ORa= 2.85, 95% CI; 1.29- 6.25, African/Indian race, ORa 3.13, 95% CI; 1.32-7.41, less than 5 years education, ORa 2.20; 95% CI; 1.03 - 4.68, and a subsidised healthcare scheme, Ora = 2.61, 95% CI; 1.17-5.79.Conclusion:
The prevalence of PDP is higher than that found in developed countries, and is similar to that of Latin America, including Colombia. Poverty, ethnic minorities, poor social support, and maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes are the possible associated factors.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
COLNAL
/
LILACS
Main subject:
Depression, Postpartum
Type of study:
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Pregnancy
Language:
Es
Journal:
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr
Journal subject:
PSIQUIATRIA
Year:
2016
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Colombia
Country of publication:
Colombia