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Meningoencefalomielitis como manifestación inicial de un tumor cerebral que imita una encefalitis por virus del herpes simple: descripción de un caso / Meningoencephalomyelitis as the initial symptom of a brain tumour mimicking encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus: a case report
Pérez-Saldaña, MT; Vilar, C; Geffner-Sclarsky, D; Belenguer-Benavides, A; Villar-Igea, A del; Gil-Fortuño, M; Bahamonde, D.
Affiliation
  • Pérez-Saldaña, MT; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Vilar, C; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Geffner-Sclarsky, D; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Belenguer-Benavides, A; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Villar-Igea, A del; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Gil-Fortuño, M; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
  • Bahamonde, D; Hospital General de Castellón. Castellón. España
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 44(6): 348-352, mar. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054501
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: ES1.1 - BNCS
RESUMEN
Introducción. La meningoencefalomielitis puede deberse a múltiples causas tratables. Una etiología tumoral es rara y, por lo general, se trata de tumores malignos, con pronóstico ominoso. Comunicamos un caso de meningoencefalomielitis que se presentó inicialmente como una encefalitis por virus del herpes simple (VHS) y resultó un oligoastrocitoma anaplásico. Caso clínico. Varón de 68 años, con únicamente quejas de lumbalgia intensa el mes previo, que ingresó por cuadro progresivo de deterioro cognitivo y mioclonías. La reacción en cadena de la polimerasa del líquido cefalorraquídeo fue positiva para VHS y en la resonancia magnética se apreciaba una afectación difusa del lóbulo temporal derecho, médula y meninge cervical. El deterioro progresivo del paciente pese al aciclovir, tratamiento antituberculoso y corticoideo llevó a la biopsia de meninge cervical, que fue sugestiva de meningoencefalitis macromonocitaria inespecífica. El paciente siguió empeorando hasta su fallecimiento. La necropsia reveló un oligoastrocitoma grado III de ambos lóbulos temporales, con extensión al espacio subaracnoideo adyacente y a las leptomeninges cerebral y cervical. Conclusiones. Síntomas inespecíficos de lumbalgia pueden ocultar un tumor cerebral. Destacamos lo infrecuente de su manifestación clínica y radiológica como meningoencefalomielitis por invasión tumoral directa. Es una posibilidad ante un cuadro lentamente progresivo que, pese a la sospecha inicial de encefalitis por VHS, no responde al tratamiento habitual
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Meningoencephalomyelitis can be due to a number of treatable causes. A tumoural aetiology is rare and they are generally malignant tumours with an ominous prognosis. We report a case of meningoencephalomyelitis that initially presented as encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) and which was finally seen to be an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. Case report. We describe the case of a 68-year-old male with a history of just strong low back pain during the previous month, who was admitted to hospital because of progressive clinical symptoms involving cognitive impairment and myoclonias. The polymerase chain reaction for the cerebrospinal fluid was positive for HSV and magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse compromise of right temporal lobe, the spinal cord and the cervical meninges. The progressive deterioration of the patient despite treatment with acyclovir, anti-tuberculosis agents and with corticoids made it necessary to perform a biopsy study of the cervical meninges, the results of which suggested non-specific macromonocytic meningoencephalitis. The patient's condition continued to deteriorate until he died. The post-mortem examination revealed a grade III oligoastrocytoma in both temporal lobes, which had extended into the adjacent subarachnoid space and the cerebral and cervical leptomeninges. Conclusions. Non-specific symptoms of low back pain can conceal a brain tumour. Attention is drawn to how infrequently it manifests clinically and in imaging studies as meningoencephalomyelitis due to direct tumoural invasion. This should be considered as a possibility when faced with a slowly progressing clinical picture that, despite the initial suspicion of encephalitis due to HSV, does not respond to the usual treatment
Subject(s)
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Collection: 06-national / ES Database: IBECS Main subject: Astrocytoma / Brain Neoplasms / Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Meningitis / Meninges Type of study: Diagnostic_studies / Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies Limits: Aged / Humans / Male Language: Es Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2007 Document type: Article
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Collection: 06-national / ES Database: IBECS Main subject: Astrocytoma / Brain Neoplasms / Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Meningitis / Meninges Type of study: Diagnostic_studies / Etiology_studies / Prognostic_studies Limits: Aged / Humans / Male Language: Es Journal: Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) Year: 2007 Document type: Article