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Development, test-retest reliability and validity of the Pharmacy Value-Added Services Questionnaire (PVASQ) / Desarrollo, confiabilidad test-retest y validez del pharmacy value-added services questionnaire (PVASQ)
Tan, Christine LH; Hassali, Mohamed Azmi Ahmad; Saleen, Fahad; Shafie, Asrul Akmal; Aljadhey, Asrul Akmal; Gan, Vincent BY.
Affiliation
  • Tan, Christine LH; University Sains Malaysia. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Penang. Malaysia
  • Hassali, Mohamed Azmi Ahmad; University Sains Malaysia. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Penang. Malaysia
  • Saleen, Fahad; University Sains Malaysia. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Penang. Malaysia
  • Shafie, Asrul Akmal; University Sains Malaysia. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Penang. Malaysia
  • Aljadhey, Asrul Akmal; King Saud University. College of Pharmacy. Riyadh. Saudi Arabia
  • Gan, Vincent BY; University Putra Malaysia. Putra Business School. Selangor. Malaysia
Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) ; 13(3): 0-0, jul.-sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in En | IBECS | ID: ibc-140791
Responsible library: ES1.1
Localization: BNCS
ABSTRACT

Objective:

(i) To develop the Pharmacy Value-Added Services Questionnaire (PVASQ) using emerging themes generated from interviews. (ii) To establish reliability and validity of questionnaire instrument.

Methods:

Using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior as the theoretical model, face-to-face interviews generated salient beliefs of pharmacy value-added services. The PVASQ was constructed initially in English incorporating important themes and later translated into the Malay language with forward and backward translation. Intention (INT) to adopt pharmacy value-added services is predicted by attitudes (ATT), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), knowledge and expectations. Using a 7-point Likert-type scale and a dichotomous scale, test-retest reliability (N=25) was assessed by administrating the questionnaire instrument twice at an interval of one week apart. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach’s alpha and construct validity between two administrations was assessed using the kappa statistic and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Confirmatory Factor Analysis, CFA (N=410) was conducted to assess construct validity of the PVASQ.

Results:

The kappa coefficients indicate a moderate to almost perfect strength of agreement between test and retest. The ICC for all scales tested for intra-rater (testretest) reliability was good. The overall Cronbach’ s alpha (N=25) is 0.912 and 0.908 for the two time points. The result of CFA (N=410) showed most items loaded strongly and correctly into corresponding factors. Only one item was eliminated.

Conclusions:

This study is the first to develop and establish the reliability and validity of the Pharmacy Value- Added Services Questionnaire instrument using the Theory of Planned Behavior as the theoretical model. The translated Malay language version of PVASQ is reliable and valid to predict Malaysian patients’ intention to adopt pharmacy value-added services to collect partial medicine supply (AU)
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

(i) Desarrollar el Pharmacy Value-Added Services Questionnaire (PVASQ) utilizando temas salidos de entrevistas, (ii) establecer la fiabilidad y validez del cuestionario.

Métodos:

Utilizando la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado aumentada como modelo teórico, unas entrevistas presenciales extrajeron los creencias sobre los servicios farmacéuticos de valor añadido. Se construyó el PVASQ inicialmente en Ingles incorporando temas importantes y más tarde se tradujo al malayo, con traducción y retro-traducción. La Intención (INT) de adoptar servicio farmacéuticos de valor añadido se predice por las Actitudes (ATT), Normal Subjetiva (SN), Control Comportamental Percibido (PBC), Conocimiento y Expectativas. Usando una escala de Likert de 7 puntos y una escala dicotómica se evaluó la fiabilidad test-retest (N=25) administrando el cuestionario dos veces en el intervalo de una semana. La consistencia interna se midió con el alfa de Cronbach y la validez de constructo entre dos administradores se evaluó con el estadístico kappa y el coeficiente intra-clase (ICC). Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio (CFA) (N=410) para evaluar la validad de constructo del PVASQ.

Resultados:

Los coeficientes kappa indicaron una fuerza de acuerdo moderada a casi perfecta en el test-retest. Los ICC para todas las escalas probaron que la fiabilidad intra-evaluador (test-retest) era buena. El alfa de Cronbach global (N=25) es de 0,912 y 0,908 para cada tiempo medido. Los resultados del CFA (N=410) mostraron que la mayoría de los ítems cargaban fuerte y correctamente en sus correspondientes factores. Sólo se eliminó un ítem.

Conclusiones:

Este estudio es el primero para desarrollar y establecer la fiabilidad y validez del Pharmacy Value Added Services Questionnaire utilizando la Teoría del Comportamiento Plneado como modelo teórico. La versión traducida al malayo del PVASQ es fiable y válida para predecir las intenciones de los pacientes para adoptar servicios farmacéuticos de valor añadido al recoger su provisión de medicamentos (AU)
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 06-national / ES Database: IBECS Main subject: Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee / Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Community Pharmacy Services Type of study: Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) Year: 2015 Document type: Article

Full text: 1 Collection: 06-national / ES Database: IBECS Main subject: Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee / Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Community Pharmacy Services Type of study: Prognostic_studies / Qualitative_research Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: En Journal: Pharm. pract. (Granada, Internet) Year: 2015 Document type: Article