Tratamento percutâneo de lesões residuais e complicações em condutos de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de circuito do tipo Fontan / Percutaneous treatment of residual lesions and complications in conduits following Fontan procedure

RESUMO

INTRODÇÃO A introdução da cirurgia de anastomose cavopulmonar total (ACPT) ou cirurgia de Fontan modificou de forma significativa a história natural de pacientes com cardiopatias complexas não passíveis de reparo biventricular. Entretanto, é conhecido o desenvolvimento de estenoses silenciosas. Além disso, a utilização de condutos fenestrados é uma técnica comumente realizada, O presente estudo relata a experiência de um centro terciário no implante pecutâneo de dispositivos em condutos de pacientes com circulação do tipo univentricular. Método: Entre julho de 2000 e julho de 2010, 12 pacientes receberam dispositivos percutâneos em condutos após cirurgia de Fontan. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a indicação para o procedimento 5 pacientes receberam implante de oclusores septais para fechamento de fenestração cirurgia (grupo 1), 6 pacientes receberam stents para alívio de obstrução de condutos (grupo 2), e 1 pacientes recebeu ambos os dispositivos simultaneamente. A média de idade dos pacientes do grupo 1 no momento do procedimento era de 174 +- 53,5 meses e o peso médio era de 30,7 +- 6,8 kg. A média de idade dos pacientes do grupo 2 no momento do procedimento era de...

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The introduction of total cavopulmonary anastomosis (TCPA) or Fontan procedure significantly changed the natural history of patients with complex heart diseases inadequate for biventricular repair. However, the development of silent stenosis is well known. In addition, fenestrated conduits are frequently used. The present study reports the experience of a tertiary center with percutaneous devices implanted in the conduits of patients with univentricular circulation. METHOD: From July 2000 to July 2010, 12 patients received percutaneous devices in conduits after Fontan procedure. Patients were divided into two groups, according to the indication for the procedure 5 patients received septal occluders to close surgical fenestrations (group 1), 6 patients received stents for the relief of conduit obstructions (group 2) and 1 patient received both devices simultaneously. Mean age of group 1 patients at the time of the procedure was 174 ± 53.5 months and mean weight was 30.7 ± 6.8 kg. Mean age of group 2 patients was 148.5 ± 84.6 months and mean weight was 28.9 ± 19.8 kg. RESULTS: In group 1, oxygen saturation rose from 82.6 ± 7.5% to 90.4 ± 7.5% immediately after the procedure (P = 0.001). In group 2, oxygen saturation rose from 81.8 ± 8.9% to 91.3 ± 8.7% (P = 0.01). The minimal conduit diameter changed from 6.9 + 4,8 mm to 16.6 ± 3.5 mm after the procedure (P = 0.02). The patient who was submitted to both procedures simultaneously had an increase of the minimal conduit diameter from 11.7 mm to 16 mm and an improvement in systemic saturation from 60% to 90%. CONCLUSION: Treatment of conduit obstructions with non-covered stents and the occlusion of surgical fenestrations with covered stents or AmplatzerTM devices are safe procedures, with high immediate success rates which are maintained in the mid-term follow-up.