Resistencia de Neisseria gonorrhoeae a ciprofloxacina según hábitos sexuales / Ciprofloxacin resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae according to sexual habits
Medicina (B.Aires)
; Medicina (B.Aires);68(5): 358-362, sep.-oct. 2008. tab
Article
in Es
| LILACS
| ID: lil-633568
Responsible library:
AR1.2
RESUMEN
En la Argentina los primeros hallazgos de Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistentes a las fluorquinolonas se documentaron en el año 2000. Desde enero de 2005 hasta junio de 2007, se evaluaron 595 hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) y 571 varones heterosexuales para investigar la presencia de N. gonorrhoeae y la resistencia a los antimicrobianos. La prevalencia de gonorrea en HSH y varones heterosexuales fue 0.091(91/1000) en ambos grupos y el % de N. gonorrhoeae resistente a ciprofloxacina (NGRC) fue 20.0% y 3.8% respectivamente (p 0.0416). Trece de 106 aislamientos fueron NGRC, correspondieron a 11 HSH y 2 varones heterosexuales. Seis HSH presentaron uretritis, uno de ellos con localización simultánea en recto y cinco pacientes fueron asintomáticos (recto, 2; faringe, 2; uretra, 1). No se pudo demostrar relación epidemiológica entre ellos. Dos varones heterosexuales presentaron uretritis. Los 8 pacientes sintomáticos fueron tratados empíricamente con ciprofloxacina y se documentó fracaso de tratamiento. Estos y los portadores de NGRC recibieron tratamiento con 500 mg de ceftriaxona IM. Los controles postratamiento demostraron la erradicación del microorganismo. Los aislamientos de NGRC presentaron CIM de ciprofloxacina entre 2 y 32 µg/ml, todos fueron beta-lactamasa negativos, 4/13 presentaron resistencia cromosómica a penicilina (CIM= 1 µg/ml), y los rangos de CIM (µg/ml) para los siguientes antibióticos fueron penicilina 0.016-1; tetraciclina 0.125-2; ceftriaxona 0.004-0.008; eritromicina 0.032-2; azitromicina 0.032-0.5; espectinomicina 8-32. Dado el elevado porcentaje de aislamientos de NGRC en HSH en nuestro hospital, debería utilizarse otro antimicrobiano para el tratamiento empírico en estos pacientes.
ABSTRACT
The first isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae resistant to fluorquinolones in Argentina were reported in 2000. Since January 2005 to June 2007 Neisseria gonorrhoeae was studied in 595 men who have sex with men (MSM) and 571 heterosexual men. The gonorrhea prevalence in MSM and heterosexual men was 0.091(91/1000) and the Neisseria gonorrhoeae ciprofloxacin resistant (CRNG) was 20% in MSM and 3.8% in heterosexual men (p 0.0416). Thirteen out of 106 isolates from 11 MSM and 2 heterosexual men were CRNG. Six out of eleven MSM had urethritis, one also carried Neisseria gonorrhoeae in rectum and 5 patients were asymptomatic carriers (rectum 2, pharynx 2, urethra 1). No epidemiological relation was found among the patients. Two heterosexual men had urethritis. The 8 symptomatic men were treated with ciprofloxacin but treatment failed in all of them. These patients and the asymptomatic ones were treated with ceftriaxone, 500 mg IM. The post treatment microbiological controls were negative. The CRNG isolates had ciprofloxacin MIC between 2 and 32 (µg/ml), all were negative to penicillinase, 4 out of 13 were chromosomally resistant to penicillin (MIC 1 µg/ml). The MICs (µg/ml) ranges for several antimicrobial agents were penicillin 0.016-1; tetracycline 0.125-2; ceftriaxone 0.004-0.008; erythromycin 0.032-2; azithromycin 0.032-0.5; spectinomycin 8-32. Due to the high level of ciprofloxacin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae isolated from MSM in our hospital, another antimicrobial agent for empirical therapy should be used in these patients.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
LILACS
Main subject:
Ciprofloxacin
/
Gonorrhea
/
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
/
Anti-Infective Agents
/
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Type of study:
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
America do sul
/
Argentina
Language:
Es
Journal:
Medicina (B.Aires)
Journal subject:
MEDICINA
Year:
2008
Document type:
Article
/
Project document
Affiliation country:
Argentina
Country of publication:
Argentina