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Determinación social de la desnutrición y elretardo sicomotor en preescolares de Urabá(Colombia). Un análisis con la Epidemiología Crítica / Social determination of malnutrition and psychomotor retardation in preschool children in Urabß (Colombia). An analysis based on Latin American Social Epidemiology
Carmona, Jaime; Correa, Adriana.
Affiliation
  • Carmona, Jaime; Universidad de Antioquia. Departamento de Microbiologia. Medellin. CO
  • Correa, Adriana; Universidad de Antioquia. Medellin. CO
Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública ; 32(1): 40-51, ene.-abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Es | LILACS | ID: lil-712527
Responsible library: CO55.1
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

evaluar condiciones de vida familiares, el estadonutricional y el desarrollo infantil (di) de preescolares de Urabßy explicar los hallazgos según la determinaci¾n social de lasalud-enfermedad de la EpidemiologÝa CrÝtica. MetodologÝaencuesta de prevalencia. Usamos 8 cuestionarios sobrecondiciones de vida. Evaluamos indicadores antropomÚtricoscalculados con Epinut 6.0 y usamos la prueba tamiz EscalaAbreviada de Desarrollo para evaluar el DI.

Resultados:

seevaluaron 200 familias y 46 ni±os (2,5-4 a±os). Las condicionesde vida son muy deficientes en los procesos individualesfamiliaresy los procesos grupales (modo de vida). Unos yotros estßn determinados por el sistema socio-econ¾mico,jurÝdico-polÝtico e ideol¾gico-cultural vigente. Los riesgosde desnutrici¾n, evaluados con -1 y -2 desviaciones estßndarfueron, respectivamente cr¾nica 76% y 37%; global 61% y17%; aguda 26% y 0%. La frecuencia de retardos madurativo ypatol¾gico fueron respectivamente en motricidad gruesa 17%y 6%; en motricidad fina 50% y 26%; en audici¾n-lenguaje40% y 34%; en desarrollo personal-social 57% y 6%. Ningúncoeficiente de desarrollo infantil se asoci¾ con desnutrici¾ncr¾nica. Las altas deficiencias nutricionales y de desarrollo delos ni±os estßn l¾gicamente determinadas por las condicionesde vida de las familias y el grupo social.

Conclusiones:

losresultados revelan deterioro nutricional y sicomotor profundosprecoces. Las condiciones de vida de este grupo socialexplican la situaci¾n hallada. Urge la intervenci¾n del Estadopara afrontar y paliar tan grave problema colectivo...
ABSTRACT

Objective:

to evaluate the family home life conditions thenutricional status and child development (cd) of pre-schoolchildren from Urabß, and to explain the findings accordingto health-disease determinants from Social Epidemiology.

Methodology:

prevalence survey. The study used 8 differentquestionnaires concerning living conditions. Anthropometricindicators calculated using Epinut 6.0 were assessed and theAbbreviated Scale Development (asd) was used to evaluatecd.

Results:

200 families and 46 children were evaluated,ranging in age from 2.5 to 4 years. Living conditions are highlydeficient in individual and family processes, as well as groupprocesses (way of life), and all are determined by the existingsocio-economic, legal-political and ideological-culturalsystems. The risks of malnutrition, evaluated using -1 and -2standard deviation, were, respectively chronic (height/ageratio) 76% and 37%; overall (weight/age) 61% and 17%; andacute (weight/height index) 26% and 0%. The frequency ofdevelopmental and pathological delays were, respectively forgross motor skills 17% and 6%; for fine motor skills 50% and26%; for hearing-language 40% and 34%; and for personalsocialdevelopment 57% and 6%. There is no cd coefficientassociated with chronic malnutrition. High nutritionaland developmental deficiencies in children are, naturally,determined by the living conditions of the families and socialgroups to which these children belong.

Conclusions:

theresults reveal serious and precocious nutritional and psychomotor impairments, which can be explained by the livingconditions of this social group. Urgent state interventionis required in order to address and mitigate such a seriouscollective problem...
Subject(s)
Key words
Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: LILACS Main subject: Social Class / Social Conditions / Child Development / Colombia / Malnutrition Type of study: Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Aspects: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: America do sul / Colombia Language: Es Journal: Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública Journal subject: SAUDE PUBLICA Year: 2014 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia
Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: LILACS Main subject: Social Class / Social Conditions / Child Development / Colombia / Malnutrition Type of study: Risk_factors_studies / Screening_studies Aspects: Determinantes_sociais_saude Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: America do sul / Colombia Language: Es Journal: Rev. Fac. Nac. Salud Pública Journal subject: SAUDE PUBLICA Year: 2014 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia
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