Pneumonia in HIV-infected patients: a case-control survey of factors involved in risk and prevention.
AIDS
; 13(14): 1971-5, 1999 Oct 01.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-10513657
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the factors that increase or decrease the risk of pneumonia with particular attention to immunization with pneumococcal and influenza vaccines in a group of HIV-infected persons.DESIGN:
A retrospective, case-control study based on information entered into a standard database and the medical record.SETTING:
Patients attending a referral clinic specializing in AIDS/HIV care at a public hospital. PATIENTS Among over 2000 subjects entered into a database in 8 years, 127 incidents of pneumonia were identified from the record. These cases were matched with 127 CD4 cell count matched, concurrent controls.INTERVENTIONS:
None. MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURE:
The principal hypothesis was that chart review would find a decreased frequency of pneumococcal immunization in the pneumonia cases compared with matched controls.RESULTS:
Pneumococcal immunization was associated with a reduction of the risk of pneumonia by nearly 70%. The effect was seen even when immunization was given with a CD4 cell count of less than 100/mm3. Injection drug users and African-Americans had a twofold increased risk of pneumonia.CONCLUSION:
The study provides data to support the current recommendation for pneumococcal immunization of all HIV-infected persons. Although this conclusion could lead to renewed enthusiasm for increasing pneumococcal immunization rates in HIV-infected persons, it must be recognized that the study is observational and ascertainment bias cannot be excluded.
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Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
/
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Type of study:
Etiology_studies
/
Guideline
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
AIDS
Journal subject:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Year:
1999
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States